ABSTRACT
Background: Ferulago angulata [Known in Iran as Chavir] is an endangered species with Anti fugal and anti-bacterial activity that can act as a natural preservator
Objective: Evaluation the effect of in vitro culture conditions and plant growth regulators on somaclonal variation and the phytochemical content of in vitro regenerated plants
Methods: Induced calli were transferred to Murashige and Skoog [MS] medium supplemented with 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid [NAA] and 6-Benzylaminopurine [BAP] for regeneration stage. The essential oils were extracted by Clevenger apparatus and the yield and composition of essential oils were assayed by GC/Mass. Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat [ISSR], Start codon Targeted [SCoT] and CAAT Box Derived Polymorphism [CBDP] markers were used to assess somaclonal variation
Results: The highest callus formation was obtained via radicle explant in MS medium supplemented with 2 mg/L 2,4-D and 1mg/L BAP. Maximum percentage of regeneration was occurred via derived calli from hypocotyl in MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/L BAP and 0.5 NAA. The phytochemical assay revealed a considerable differences between natural habitats and in vitro regenerated plants. The percentage of ?-Pinene in plants derived from natural habitats and in vitro conditions were 27 and 1.53 respectively. The yield of essential oils were 2.26 and 0.64 [ml/100g D.M.] in natural habitats and in vitro regenerated plants respectively. The result of PCR assay indicated genetic variation between tissue cultured samples
Conclusion: The results indicated that in vitro culture conditions had a considerable effect on genome and metabolome of Ferulago angulate